NGC Online Cross Identifications

• "hist": historical references (pre-NGC)
• "NGC": References given so in the NGC (Dreyer 1888)
• "IC I": References given so in the first IC catalog (Dreyer 1895)
• "IC II": References given so in the second IC catalog (Dreyer 1908)
• "mod": modern references (post-IC)

The following older, basic catalogs are mostly contained in the NGC:

M

Messier. Charles Messier's Catalog. Published in 3 steps 1771, 1780 and 1781, includes discoveries by Pierre Méchain, and later additions from Messier's and Méchain's work (Messier 1771, Messier 1780, Messier 1780a, Messier 1781; Méchain 1783, Messier 1798). Here all 110 modern entries are used (M1 - M110). Available online. Messier Catalog webpages.

N, NGC

NGC. New General Catalogue. Published 1888 by J.L.E. Dreyer (Dreyer 1888). Dreyer himself published notes and corrections to the NGC in: an appendix to the IC I (Dreyer 1894), an appendix to the IC II (Dreyer 1908), and a separate paper (Dreyer 1912). NGC 1 - NGC 7840. Later corrections by Dorothy Carlson (Carlson 1940), the RNGC (Sulentic, Tifft 1973), the NGC 2000.0 (Sinnott 1988), the NGC/IC project (Corwin et.al.), and the Revised NGC and IC (Steinicke). Extensive info in Steinicke (2009).

I, IC

IC. Index Catalogue. Published in two parts 1895 and 1908 by J.L.E. Dreyer (Dreyer 1895, Dreyer 1908). The IC II also contains corrections to the IC I in appendix. Later corrections by Dorothy Carlson (Carlson 1940), the NGC 2000.0 (Sinnott 1988), the NGC/IC project (Corwin et.al.), and the Revised NGC and IC (Steinicke). IC I: IC 1 - IC 1529; IC II: IC 1530 - IC 5386.

GC

GC. General Catalogue. Compiled 1864 by John Herschel (J. Herschel, 1864), with 1877 addendum by J.L.E. Dreyer (Dreyer 1877). 1864: GC 1 - GC 5079; 1877: GC 5080 - GC 6251.

h

John Herschel. Catalogs of 1833 and 1847 (J. Herschel 1833, J. Herschel 1847). 1833: h 1 - h 2307; 1847: h 2308 - h 4021.

H

William Herschel. Catalogs of 1786, 1789, 1802 (W. Herschel 1786, W. Herschel 1789, W. Herschel 1802); plus addenda published in John Herschel's 1847 catalog (J. Herschel 1847). Includes [most of] Caroline Herschel's findings. See William Herschel Catalog webpage.

CH

Caroline Herschel. Unpublished list of her discoveries of "clusters and nebulae." See Hoskin (2005) and Hoskin (2006). Available online. CH 1 - CH 20.

Lac

Lacaille. Nicholas Louis de Lacaille's Catalog of 1755 (Lacaille 1755). Reprinted as appendix to the Messier Catalog versions of 1780 and 1781 (Messier 1780, Messier 1781). Available online.

Dun

Dunlop. James Dunlop's Catalog of 1826 (Dunlop 1828). See Dunlop Catalog webpage. Dun 1-629.

3C (mod)

Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources. Edge et.al. (1959). Also: Bennett (1962), and the SIMBAD VizieR Online Catalog VIII/1A (SIMBAD 2002).

Aitken (IC II)

Aitken. AN No. 3667 (Aitkin 1900) [IC 3568].

ARO (mod)

Algonquin Radio Observatory. L.A. Higgs (1971).

Arp (mod)

Halton Arp's Catalog of Peculiar Galaxies. Arp (1966). Dennis Webb's Arp Catalog website, Online version of Arp's Original Catalog.

d'A, d'Arrest (NGC)

Heinrich Ludwig (Henri Louis) d'Arrest. A few references are to d'Arrest's Erste Reihe (Leipzig, 1856). Also: AN No. 1369 (d'Arrest 1862). The big lot is from his Siderum Nebulosorum Observationes Havienses [Copenhagen Observations of Nebulous Stars] (D'Arrest 1867); these are very acurate positions.

Austin (NGC)

Austin. See Harvard College

Auw, Auwers (NGC)

Arthur Auwers. Auwers (1862), and AN Vol. 58, No. 1392 (Auwers 1862a).
also: Auw # (GC)

Bailey (IC II)

Solon I. Bailey. Bailey (1908). Of the 13 non-NGC objects in this work, Dreyer inserted 11 into the IC II, omitting the Pleiades (M45) and the Hyades [IC 2128, 2391, 2395, 2488, [2599,] 2602, 2714, 4651, 4665, 4725 (M25), 4756].

Ball (NGC)

Ball. See Lord Rosse*

Barnard (NGC, IC I, IC II, mod)

Edward Emerson Barnard.
NGC: Nebulae found with a 6-inch refractor from Nashville, TN, in The Siderial Messenger, Vol. I-III and privately communicated to Dreyer. AN No. 2490 (Barnard 1883) [NGC 5584], AN No. 2588 (Barnard 1884) [NGC 281, 1255, 2568, 6302], AN No. 2624 (Barnard 1885) [NGC 6822], AN No. 2687 (Barnard 1885a), AN No. 2690 (Barnard 1886), AN No. 2755 (Barnard 1886a) [NGC 1721, 1725, 1728], AN No. 2756 (Barnard 1886b) [NGC 2282], AN No. 2918 (Barnard 1889a), AN No. 4136 (Barnard 1907a) [NGC 6302], and Barnard (1895) [NGC 1499].
IC I: Some very extensive diffuse photographic objects. AN No. 2998 (Barnard 1890) [IC 917-919, 921-932, 934-938], AN No. 3004 (Barnard 1891a) [IC 1122], AN No. 3017 (Barnard 1891b) [IC 351], AN No. 3018 (Barnard 1891c) [IC 349], AN No. 3038 (Barnard 1891d) [IC 492], AN No. 3097 (Barnard 1892a) [IC 48, 356], AN No. 3101 (Barnard 1892b) [IC 1284], AN No. 3110 (Barnard 1892c) [IC 1470], AN No. 3111 (Barnard 1892d) [IC 1274, 1275, 1283, 1287], AN No. 3200 (Barnard 1894a) [IC 1296], AN No. 3253 (Barnard 1894b and 1896) [IC 336, 341, 353, 354, 360], and other sources.
IC II: AN No. 3301 (Barnard 1895a) [IC 4591, 4592, 4603, 4604, 4605], AN No. 3315 (Barnard 1895b) [IC 4673], AN No. 4112 (Barnard 1906), AN No. 4136 (Barnard 1907) [IC 4562, 4564-4567, 5191-5193, 5351, 5352, 5356, 5357, 5359], AN No. 4239 (Barnard 1908) [IC 4678, 4681, 4684, 4685, 4690, 4700, 4701, 4706, 4707, 4715 (=M24)], Barnard (1895c), Barnard (1897) [IC 2193, 2194, 2196, 2197, 2199], Barnard (1901), Barnard (1907b), Barnard (1907c), and private communication.
mod: Barnard's famous catalog of dark nebulae, embedded in a photographic atlas of the Milky Way (Barnard 1919, 1927). B 1 - B 370 (349 objects) Available online.

Bevis (hist)

John Bevis. Atlas Celeste (Uranographia Britannica; Bevis 1750) [M1, M11, M13, M22, M31, M35 - M1 and M35 new], and letter to Messier of June, 1771 [M1; see Messier, and in particular Messier (1781)]

Bidschof (IC II)

Bidschof. AN No. 3520 (Bidschof 1898) [IC 1872, 2951]

B., Bigourdan, G. (NGC, IC I, IC II)

Guillaume Bigourdan.
NGC: 102 nebulae, privately communicated by Bigourdan to Dreyer. Comptes Rendus, Vol. CV, pp. 926-929 (Bigourdan 1887a), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CV, pp. 1116-1119 (Bigourdan 1887b).
IC I: Second list (of 132), Comptes Rendus, March and April 1891. Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXII, pp. 647-650 (Bigourdan 1891a), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXII, pp. 703-705 (Bigourdan 1891b), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXII, pp. 848-850 (Bigourdan 1891c).
IC II: Third (112 new objects) and fourth (99) list, Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXIII, pp. 1243-1245 (Bigourdan 1896), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXIV, pp. 65-67 (Bigourdan 1897a), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXIV, pp. 133-135 (Bigourdan 1897b); Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXXII, pp. 1094-1097 (Bigourdan 1901a), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXXII, pp. 1465-1467 (Bigourdan 1901b), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXXIII, pp. 26-28 (Bigourdan 1901c), Comptes Rendus, Vol. CXXXIII, pp. 206-208 (Bigourdan 1901d).
Listed as B. 1-455.

Bode (hist)

Johann Elert Bode's "Complete Catalog" of 77 deepsky objects (Bode 1777, Bode 1779). English translation available online.
Also: Bode's Vorstellung der Gestirne auf 34 Kupfertafeln (Bode 1782). See Bode's 1782 catalog extracted from this work.

Bond (NGC)

G.P. Bond's list of nebulae and clusters found at Harvard (Bond 1863). Objects found by G.P. Bond, S. Coolidge and A. Safford. Also: AN Vol. 56, No. 1337 (Bond 1862), AN Vol. 61, No. 1453 (Bond 1864). Also Pickering (1908), p. 148 (H.N. 1-14).

Borelly (NGC)

Alph. Borelly. AN No. 1885 (Borelly 1872a) and Borelly (1872b)

Burnham (NGC, IC I, IC II)

S.W. Burnham.
NGC: Burnham (1878a), Burnham (1878b), and AN No. 2524 (Hough 1883)
IC I: AN No. 3048 (Burnham 1891) [IC 363, 366], Burnham (1894)
IC II: Burnham (1900)

CH (NGC)

Caroline Herschel, see above.

Collinder, Cr (mod)

Per Collinder (1890 - Dec 6, 1974). Catalogue of 471 open clusters, identified on the Franklin-Adams charts, the NGC catalog, and the catalogs of Bailey, Melotte, Raab, Shapley, Trumpler, and others. Collinder (1931)

Common (NGC)

Ainslie Common. About 32 new nebulae (Common 1880)

Coolidge (NGC)

S. Coolidge. See Bond.

Copeland (NGC)

Ralph Copeland. See Lord Rosse* if (R) is added. Other discoveries from Peru (Copernicus III, p. 206) and Dun Echt (Copeland 1884)

De Chéseaux, deCh (hist)

Philippe Loys de Chéseaux's list of 1746 (De Chéseaux 1746), as published by G. Bigourdan in 1892 (Bigourdan 1892). Available online. DeCh 1 - DeCh 21.

Denning (IC I)

W.F. Denning. Denning (1890), and private communication to J.L.E. Dreyer.

Dreyer (NGC)

J.L.E. Dreyer. See Lord Rosse*

D.S. (IC II)

See Delisle Stewart

Engelhardt (NGC, IC I)

Basilius von Engelhardt. Several nebulae from Engelhardt (1890), and some further privately communicated to Dreyer.

Engelmann (NGC)

R. Engelmann. AN No. 2485 (Engelmann 1883)

Espin (IC I, IC II)

Rev. T.E. Espin.
IC I: Espin (1894)
IC II: AN No. 3633 (Espin 1900), and Espin (1906).

Finlay (IC II)

William Henry Finlay. 5 nebulae observed at the Royal Observatory at the Cape of Good Hope, reported by David Gill: Gill (1898) [IC 2949, 4407, 4606, 5240, 5267]

Fleming (IC I, ICII)

Williamina P. Fleming.
IC I: Pickering (1890), AN No. 3049 (Pickering, Fleming 1891) [IC 418 (Spirograph Nebula)], AN No. 3227 (Pickering, Fleming 1894) [IC 1266, 1297]. AN No. 3269 (Fleming 1895) [IC 1108, 1292], Also Pickering (1908), pp. 149-150.
IC II: Planetary nebulae discovered by their spectra. AN (?); A.A.P. 13, 502; H.C. 9, 32, 42, 56, 60, 76, 98, 111, and 124 (also Pickering 1908, p. 150).
mod: 4 southern planetary nebulae, Fg 1-4. See Fleming, Pickering (1910) and Fleming, Pickering (1911).
A (posthumous) summary is given in Fleming, Pickering (1912. This includes all discoveries of gaseous nebulae known to the authors at that time.

F., Frost (IC II)

Royal H. Frost. Nebulae found by photography. Mostly southern nebulae taken with the 24-inch Bruce refractor at Harvard's Arequipa station (Pickering 1908, pp. 179-192). H.N. Nos. 786-1238 (denoted F. 786-1238 in IC II).

Gale (IC II)

Walter F. Gale. AN No. 3426 (Gale 1897) [IC 5150]

Graff (mod)

Kasimir Graff. AN No. 5198 (Graff 1922). Graff 1 = IC 4756 (Graff's Cluster).

Hartwig (NGC)

Ernst Hartwig. AN No. 2507 (Hartwig 1883a); AN No. 2544 (Hartwig 1883b); AN No. 2688 (Hartwig 1885).

Harvard College (NGC)

Harvard College Observations, Vol. xiii (13), part I (Harvard 1888). Contains new discoveries by Austin, Langley, Peirce, Searle, Wendell, Winlock.

He2 (mod)

Karl G. Henize. He2. Southern planetary nebulae. Henize (1967).

Henry

Paul and Prosper Henry. Photographically discovered the Maia nebula in the Pleiades, NGC 1432 (Henry, Henry 1886a and 1886b).

CH. Caroline Herschel (NGC)

see above.

Hodierna, Ha. (hist)

Giovanni Battista Hodierna. A catalog of nebulous objetcs is the second part of his book, "De systemate orbis cometici, deque admirandis coeli characteribus" Hodierna (1654). This is the first ever catalog devoted to deepsky objects! See Hodierna Catalog webpage.

Holden (NGC)

Edward Singleton Holden. Nebulae found with the 15.5-inch refractor at Madison (Holden 1882 and 1884).

Hough (NGC)

G.W. Hough. AN No. 2524 (Hough 1883)

Ho., Howe (IC II)

Herbert A. Howe. Three lists of nebulae found with the 20-inch refractor at Denver, CO.

    I.   Howe (1898)
    II.  Howe (1899)
    III. Howe (1900)
  

Innes (IC II)

T.R.A. Innes. Nebulae found with the 7-inch refractor at Cape Observatory, reported by David Gill: Gill (1898) [IC 2042, 4490, 4865, 5079], Gill (1899) [5 new nebulae], Gill (1902) [3 new nebulae].

J., Javelle (IC I, IC II)

Stephane Javelle.
IC I: Two lists of 807 nebulae found with the 30-inch equatorial at Nice Observatory (Javelle 1895 and 1897)
IC II: Third list (Javelle 1908), J. 808..1469

Keeler (IC II)

James E. Keeler. Seven nebulae found on photos of M51 with the Crossley reflector (Keeler 1899).

Kobold (IC I, IC II)

Hermann Albert Kobold.
IC I: AN No. 3184 (Kobold 1893); AN No. 3241 (Kobold 1894) [IC 707].
IC II: Becker, Kobold (1898)

Langley (NGC)

Samuel Pierpont Langley. See Harvard College

L, Leavenworth (NGC)

Francis Preserved Leavenworth. See Ormond Stone

Lohse (NGC)

J. Gerhard Lohse. 20 new nebulae found with the 15.5-inch refractor at Mr. Woggleworth's Observatory at Scarborough. Letters to Dreyer.

Lunt (IC II)

Lunt. Seven new nebulae found with the 18-inch refractor at the Cape Observatory, reported by David Gill: Gill (1902).

Marth (NGC)

Albert Marth. 600 nebulae found at Malta with Lassell's 4-ft. Reflector, 598 by Marth and 2 by Lassell. (Lassell, Marth 1867).

Melbourne (NGC)

Discoveries from the Melbourne Observatory. R.L.J. Ellery (1885). Contains observations and drawings by 4 observers (Baracchi, LeSueur, MacGeorge, and Turner) including 2 discoveries of star clusters in LMC by P.P.G.E. Baracchi. [NGC 2043, NGC 2072]

Melotte, Mel (mod)

Philibert Jacques Melotte (Jan 29, 1880 - Mar 30, 1961): the Melotte catalog of open star clusters (Melotte 1915). Mel 1-245.

Mu, Muller (NGC)

Muller. See Ormond Stone

Palisa (NGC, IC II)

Palisa.
NGC: Nebulae discovered with the 27 and 12-inch refractors at Vienna Observatory. Wiener Beobachtungen, Vierte Folge, Vols. 2, 3, 4, and AN No. 2520 (Weiss 1883), AN No. 2544 (Palisa 1883), AN No. 2732 (Palisa 1886), and AN No. 2782 (Palisa 1887).
IC II: AN No. 3235 (Palisa 1894) [IC 1514], AN No. 3520 (Palisa 1898) [IC 5290], AN No. 3634 (Palisa 1900) [IC 1748].

Pechüle (IC I)

Pechüle. AN No. 2911 (Pechüle 1889) [IC 503], AN No. 3259 (Pechüle 1894) [IC 4, 1369].

Peirce (NGC)

see Harvard College

PK, Perek-Kohoutek (modern)

L. Perek and L. Kohoutek's catalog of planetary nebulae (Perek and Kohoutek 1967).

Peters (NGC)

C.H.F. Peters. A few new nebulae (Peters 1881, 1882)

Pickering (NGC, IC I, IC II)

Edward C. Pickering.
NGC: Some starlike planetary nebulae, detected by spectroscopy. Pickering (1882), and private letter to Dreyer.
IC I: Several nebulae discovered by W.P. Fleming were assigned by Dreyer to Pickering, including IC 418 (Spirograph Nebula), IC 1266, IC 1297.
IC II: Few objects (Pickering 1897).

Roberts (IC II)

Isaac Roberts. Photographical discoveries. AN No. 3429 (Roberts 1897), AN No. 3509 (Roberts 1898) [IC 2177 (Eagle Nebula, Seagull Nebula)], and Roberts (1903).

Ld R, Lord Rosse (NGC)

William Parsons, the Third Earl of Rosse. Nebulae detected at Birr Castle, mostly around brighter nebulae. Nebulae discovered to 1861 (Rosse 1850, Rosse 1861). An overview is in Rosse (1880). Observers include G.J. Stoney, B. Stoney, and R.J. Mitchell.

Ld R*, the Fourth Earl of Rosse (NGC)

Lawrence Parsons, the Fourth Earl of Rosse. Nebulae found by the Fourth Earl of Rosse with the instruments of his father. He also hosted observers Ball, Copeland and Dreyer. See Rosse (1880).

Rümker (NGC)

George Rümker. Observed 135 nebulae. AN No. 1508 (Rümker 1865a), AN No. 1531 (Rümker 1865b), AN No. 1566 (Rümker 1866a), AN No. 1599 (Rümker 1866b), and AN No. 1631 (Rümker 1866c).

Safford (NGC, IC I)

Safford.
NGC: see Bond. Also, a list of objects not listed in the NGC is given as appendix. These are added to the IC I.
IC I: Includes the objects from the list appended to the NGC.

Schmidt (NGC)

Julius Schmidt. AN No. 1678 (Schmidt 1868), and AN No. 1678 (Schmidt 1876).

Schönfeld (NGC)

Schönfeld. Observations of 489 nebulae, in Astr. Beobachtungen auf der Grossherzoglichen Sternwarte zu Mannheim, Vols. 1 and 2, 1862-1875.

Schultz (NGC)

Herman Schultz. Observations of 500 nebulae, in Micrometrical Observations of 500 Nebulae, Upsala, 1874, as well as Schultz (1875).

Sn., Schwassmann (IC II)

A. Schwassmann. Nebulae found on plates taken by Max Wolf with a 6-inch lens. Schwassmann (1902).

Searle (NGC)

see Harvard College

Secchi (NGC)

Angelo Secchi. 14 new discoveries. AN No. 1571 (Secchi 1866).

Spitaler (IC I)

Spitaler. AN No. 2932 (Weiss 1889) [IC 498], AN No. 2992 (Weiss 1890) [IC 558], AN No. 2993 (Spitaler 1890) [IC 54, 192, 1197, 1257], AN No. 3100 (Spitaler 1892) [IC 1 (=NGC 153)], AN No. 3167/3168 (Spitaler 1893) [IC 771].

Stephan (NGC)

Nebulae found with the 0.8-meter silvered glass reflector at Marseille.

    St I.    AN Vol. 76, No. 1810. Also MNRAS Vol. 32, p. 23.
    St II.   AN Vol. 78, No. 1867. Also MNRAS Vol. 32, p. 23.
    St III.  AN Vol. 79, No. 1876. Also MNRAS Vol. 32, p. 231.
    St IV.   AN Vol. 81, No. 1939. Also MNRAS Vol. 33, p. 433.
    St V.    AN Vol. 83, No. 1972. Also MNRAS Vol. 34, p. 75.
    St VI.   AN Vol. 83, No. 1977.
    St VII.  Comptes Rendus, Vol. 83 (1876), pp. 328-330.
    St VIII. MNRAS, Vol. 37, pp. 334-339.
    St IX.   Comptes Rendus, Vol. 87 (1878), pp. 869-871.
    St X.    Comptes Rendus, Vol. 90, p. 837.
    St XI.   Comptes Rendus, Vol. 92, p. 1128, 1183, 1260; AN Vol 100, No. 2390
    St XII.  Comptes Rendus, Vol. 96, p. 546, 609; AN Vol 105, No. 2502
    St XIII. Comptes Rendus, Vol. 100, p. 1043, 1107; AN Vol 111, No. 2661
  

D.S., Delisle Stewart (IC II)

Nebulae found by photography. Mostly southern nebulae taken with the 24-inch Bruce refractor at Harvard's Arequipa station (Pickering 1908, pp. 156-172). H.N. Nos. 109-785 (denoted D.S. 109-785 in IC II).

O. St., Ormond Stone (NGC, IC I)

Ormond Stone.
NGC: Two lists of quite rough positions of 476 southern objects found by Ormond Stone, Leavenworth and Muller with the 26-inch refractor at the L.M. Cormick Observatory near Charlottesville, VA. Published in two lists denoted "I" (Stone 1886) and "II" (Stone 1887), respectively.
IC I: Publications of the Leander McCormick Observatory, Part 6.

Stratonoff (IC II)

Stratonoff. AN No. 3366 (Stratonoff 1896) [IC 1990]

Struve (NGC)

Observationes de quelques Nebuleuses; Entdeckung einiger schwacher Nebelflecken; Wiedererscheinen des Winnecke'schen Cometen und Entdeckung einiger neuer Nebelflecken; Mélanges Math. et Astron., Vol. 3, p. 569 and 689, and Vol. 4, p. 395.

Sw, Swift (NGC, IC I, IC II)

NGC: Nebulae found at the Warner Observatory, Rochester, NY since 1883 by Lewis Swift:

    Sw I.    AN Vol. 112, No. 2683.
    Sw II.   AN Vol. 113, No. 2707.
    Sw III.  AN Vol. 115, No. 2746.
    Sw IV.   AN Vol. 115, No. 2752.
    Sw V.    AN Vol. 116, No. 2763.
    Sw VI.   Communicated to Dreyer.
  

IC I: Four lists of nebulae found at the Warner Observatory, Rochester, NY:

    Sw VII.  AN Vol. 120, No. 2859.
    Sw VIII. AN Vol. 122, No. 2918. 
    Sw IX.   AN Vol. 126, No. 3004.
    Sw X.    AN Vol. 129, No. 3094.
    (Sw X.)  A few objects in MNRAS Vol. 53, p. 273.
  

IC II: More nebulae found from Echo Mountain, Los Angeles, CA:

    Sw XI.   AN Vol. 147, No. 3517 (combined 8 lists).
    Sw XII.  MNRAS Vol. 59, p. 568.
  

T., Tempel (NGC)

Observations of nebulae from Arcetri.

    T I.     AN Vol.  93, No. 2212
    T II.    AN Vol.  94, No. 2253
    T III.   AN Vol.  96, No. 2284
    T IV.    AN Vol.  98, No. 2347
    T V.     AN Vol. 102, No. 2439
    T VI.    AN Vol. 105, No. 2511
    T VII.   AN Vol. 106, No. 2522
    T VIII.  AN Vol. 106, No. 2527
    T IX.    AN Vol. 111, No. 2660
    T X.     AN Vol. 113, No. 2691
  

Thome (IC I)

Some nebula from the Cordoba Durchmusterung.

Todd (NGC)

Eight nebulae found when looking for a transneptunian planet. AN No. 2698 (Todd 1886).

Trouvelot ([NGC, IC II])

Etienne Leopold Trouvelot. First formal description of the nebula in M16, the Eagle Nebula (Trouvelot 1882).

UGC (mod)

P.N. Nilson's Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies (Nilson 1973).

UGCA (mod)

P.N. Nilson's Catalog of Selected Non-UGC Galaxies (Nilson 1974).

Vogel (NGC)

Beobachtungen von Nebelflecken und Sternhaufen, Leipzig, 1867, and Positionsbestimmungen von Nebelflecken und Sternhaufen zwischen +9d 30' und +15d 30' Deklination, Leipzig, 1876.

Webb (NGC, IC II)

Rev. Thomas William Webb. Discovered IC 4756 in (or before) 1881 (Webb 1881) and observed NGC 7027 in 1879 (Webb 1879), discovered by Stephan one year earlier.

Wendell (NGC)

see Harvard College

Winlock (NGC)

see Harvard College

Winnecke (NGC)

Some nebulae communicated by letter to Dreyer: First 2 discoveries published in Winnecke (1857) [NGCs 3222, 6704], 5 discoveries (including these) in Auwers (1862) [NGCs 3222, 6503, 6655, 6704, 6791], 3 in Winnecke (1880) [NGCs 1360, 1398, 2300] and 2 in Winnecke (1909) [NGCs 2276, 4760]. NGC 2146 apparently only mentioned in the letter. He also discovered 7 double stars, Winnecke 1-7, including Winnecke 4 = M40, published in Winnecke (1869).

W., Wolf (IC I, IC II)

Max Wolf discovered a number of nebula on photographic plates taken at the observatory of the Astrophysikalisches Institut, Königstuhl-Heidelberg (Germany).
IC I: Some very extensive diffuse photographic objects. AN No. 3027 (Wolf 1891) [IC 448], AN No. 3130 (Wolf 1892) [ICs 405 (discoverer: Schaeberle), 410, 417, 419, 425, 439, 443, 444], AN No. 3214 (Wolf 1894) [IC 59, 63 (Gamma Cas Nebula); IC 155].
IC II: Several lists of about 2800 nebulae discovered on photographs from the Heidelberg Observatory. List 2 is from Schwassmann (Sn.).

• I. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 1 (Wolf 1902a).
• IV. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 4 (Wolf 1904a).
• V. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 5 (Wolf 1904b).
• VI. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 6 (Wolf 1905a).
• VII. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 7 (Wolf 1907a).

List 3 (Wolf 1902b) didn't find its way into the IC II due to unknown reasons. Also: AN No. 3847 (Wolf 1903) [IC 2233], AN No. 3848 (Wolf 1903a) [IC 4683], MNRAS Vol 64 (Wolf 1904c [IC 5146, Cocoon Nebula], AN No. 4013 (Wolf 1905b) [IC 4358], MNRAS Vol 65 (Wolf 1905c) [IC 2118, Witch Head Neb], AN No. 4082 (Wolf 1906a) [IC 1831, 2088, 2177], MNRAS Vol 67 (Wolf 1906b) [IC 1613], AN No. 4207 (Wolf 1907b) [IC 4895 (= NGC 6822)].
mod: Several "Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste"s came out after the publication of the IC II. This includes: Liste 8 (Wolf 1908), Liste 9 (Wolf 1909), Liste 10 (Wolf 1913a), Liste 11 (Wolf 1913b), Liste 12 (Wolf 1913c), Liste 13 (Wolf 1913d), Liste 14 (Wolf 1913e), Liste 15 (Wolf 1916), and Liste 16 (Wolf 1932). Also: AN No. 4380 (Wolf 1909a) [WLM galaxy], AN No. 5046 (Wolf 1920) ["Nova" Aql 1919 (PN Abell 58)]. AN No. 5532 (Wolf 1927) [Medusa Nebula (Abell 21)].

AJ

Astronomical Journal

AN

Astronomische Nachrichten

ApJ

Astrophysical Journal

MNRAS

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

• Aitkin, 1900. A new planetary nebula. AN Vol. 153, No. 3667, col. 367/368 [ADS: 1900AN....153..367A] IC 3568.
• Halton C. Arp, 1966. Arp. Catalog of Peculiar Galaxies. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 14, p. 1 (November 1966) [ADS: 1966ApJS...14....1A].
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• M. Javelle, 1895. J. Catalogue de nebuleuses decouvertes avec le grand equatorial de l'Observatoire de Nice. Annales de l'Observatoire de Nice, Vol. 4, pp. B.1-B.39 [ADS: 1895AnNic...4.....J] J. 1-505.
• M. Javelle, 1897. J. Catalogue de nebuleuses decouvertes avec le grand equatorial de l'Observatoire de Nice: (deuxieme catalogue). Annales de l'Observatoire de Nice, Vol. 6, pp. B.1-B.29 [ADS: 1897AnNic...6.....J] J. 506-807.
• M. Javelle, 1908. J. Catalogue de nebuleuses decouvertes avec le grand equatorial de l'Observatoire de Nice: (troisieme catalogue). Annales de l'Observatoire de Nice, Vol. 11, pp. D.1-D.52 [ADS: 1908AnNic..11R....J] J. 808-1469.

• J.E. Keeler, 1899. Small Nebulae discovered with the Crossley Reflector of the Lick Observatory. MNRAS, Vol. 59, pp. 537-538 [ADS: 1899MNRAS..59..537K]
• Kobold, 1893. AN Vol. 133, No. 3184, col. 269-272 [ADS: 1893AN....133..269K]
• Kobold, 1894. AN Vol. 136, No. 3241, col. 11-12 [ADS: 1894AN....136Q..11K]. IC 707.

• Nicholas L. de Lacaille, 1755. Lac. Sur les etoiles nebuleuses du ciel Austral. Memoirs of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris, 1755. [Bibcode: 1765MmARS1755..194L]
• William Lassell and Albert Marth, 1867. A Catalogue of New Nebulae discovered at Malta with the Four-foot Equatoreal in 1863 to 1865. Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 36, pp. 53-75 [ADS: 1867MmRAS..36...45L] (actually [Bibcode: 1867MmRAS..36...53L]) Two objects discovered by Lassell and 598 by Marth. The volume 36 also has drawings of several principal objects.

• Pierre A.M. Méchain, 1783. M. Extrait No. 9 de la Correspondence de M. Bernoulli. Nouveaux Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres, année MDCCLXXXII [1782], pp. 46-51. [Bibcode: 1784NMARS1782...46M]. English translation available online. M104-M109.
• P.J. Melotte, 1915. Mel. A catalogue of star clusters shown on the Franklin-Adams chart plates. Royal Astronomical Society Memoirs, Vol. 60, pp. 175-186 and plates 16-17 [ADS: 1915MmRAS..60..175M]. Mel 1-245.
• Charles Messier, 1771. M. Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d'Étoiles, que l'on découvre parmi les Étoiles fixes sur l'horizon de Paris; observées à l'Observatoire de la Marine, avec differens instruments. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences for 1771, Paris (dated February 16, 1771, published 1774), pp. 435-461 + Pl. VIII [Bibcode: 1774MmARS1771..435M]. English translation available online. M1-M45.
• Charles Messier, 1780. M. Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d'Étoiles. Connoissance des Temps for 1783 (published 1780), pp. 225-249 [Bibcode: 1780CdT..1783..225M] English translation available online. M46-M68.
• Charles Messier, 1780a. M. Errata important, .., Année 1783. Catalogue des Nébuleuses, page 225. [Bibcode: 1780CdT..1783..408M] English translation available online. M69, M70.
• Charles Messier, 1781. M. Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d'Étoiles. Connoissance des Temps for 1784 (published 1781), pp. 227-267 [Bibcode: 1781CdT..1784..227M]. English translation available online. M69-M103; 108, 109.
• Charles Messier, 1798. M. In: Observations Astronomiques, 1770-1774. Connaissance des Tems pour l'an IX (1800-1801, published 1798), pp. 434-465 [Bibcode: 1798CdT..an09..434M]. Here p. 461. M110.

• P.N. Nilson, 1973. Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies. Acta Universitatis Upsalienis, Nova Regiae Societatis Upsaliensis, Series V: a Vol. and Acta Universitatis Upsalienis, Nova Regiae Societatis Upsaliensis - Uppsala Astronomiska Observatoriums Annaler
• P.N. Nilson, 1974. Catalog of Selected Non-UGC Galaxies. Uppsala Astron. Obs. Rep., Vol. 5 and Uppsala Observatory Report

• Johann Palisa, 1883. Beobachtungen von neuen Nebeln. Am 12zölligen Refractor der Wiener Sternwarte. AN Vol. 106, No. 2544, col. 381/382 [Bibcode: 1883AN....106Q.381P, ADS: 1883AN....106Q.381.]. NGC 6654 (discoverer: Swift I)
• Palisa, 1898. AN Vol. 147, No. 3520. IC 5290.
• Palisa, 1900. AN Vol. 152, No. 3634. IC 1748.
• Pechüle, 1889. AN Vol. 122, No. 2911. IC 503.
• Pechüle, 1894. AN Vol. 136, No. 3259. IC 4, IC 1369.
• L. Perek and L. Kohoutek, 1967. PK. Catalogue of Planetary Nebulae. Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Praha. [ADS: 1967PK....C......1P]
• C.H.F. Peters, 1881. Positions of Nebulae. Series I. Copernicus, Vol. 1, pp. 51-54
• C.H.F. Peters, 1882. Positions of Nebulae. Series II. Copernicus, Vol. 2, pp. 54-55
• E.C. Pickering, 1882. Small planetary nebulae discovered at the Harvard College Observatory. The Observatory, Vol. 5, pp. 294-295 (10/1882) [ADS: 1882Obs.....5..294P] NGC 6620, 6807.
• E.C. Pickering, 1890. Detection of new nebulae by photography. Annals of the Astronomical Observatory of Harvard College, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 113-117 [ADS: 1890AnHar..18..113P]. Here p. 115.
• E.C. Pickering and W.P. Fleming, 1891. Stars having Peculiar Spectra. New Variable Star in Sagittarius RA. 19h51m.8 Decl. -42d 7' (1900). AN Vol. 128, No. 3049, col. 11-14 [ADS: 1891AN....128...11P] IC 418 (Spirograph Nebula).
• E.C. Pickering and W.P. Fleming, 1894. Stars having Peculiar Spectra. AN 135, No. 3227, col. 195-198 [ADS: 1894AN....135..195P] IC 1266, 1297.
• E.C. Pickering, 1897. Miscellaneous Investigations of the Henry Draper Memorial. Annals of the Harvard College Observatory, Vol. 26, Part II [ADS: 1897AnHar..26..193P]. Here p. 207.
• E.C. Pickering, 1908. H.N. VI. Nebulae discovered at Harvard College Observatory. Annals of the Harvard College Observatory, Vol. 60, pp. 147-194. [ADS: 1908AnHar..60..147P] List of 1238 Harvard discoveries (plus some resolved duplications) in NGC, IC I, and IC II (H.N. 1 - H.N. 1238). The first objects listed (H.N. 1 to 108) summarize previously published NGC and IC I objects, as well as some new discoveries by Williamina Fleming. The other objects are discoveries by Delisle Steward and Royal Frost, listed in IC II as "D.S. 109-785" and "F. 786-1238," repectively.

• Isaac Roberts, 1897. AN Vol. 143, No. 3429, col. 341-344 [ADS: 1897AN....143..341R]
• Isaac Roberts, 1898. AN Vol. 147, No 3509, col. 87-88 [ADS: 1898AN....147...87R]. IC 2177 (Eagle Nebula, Seagull Nebula)
• Isaac Roberts, 1903. MNRAS Vol. 63, p. 302 [ADS: 1903MNRAS..63..301R]
• William Parsons, the Third Earl of Rosse, 1850. Observations on the Nebulae. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 140, pp. 499-514 [ADS: 1850RSPT..140..499R]
• William Parsons, the Third Earl of Rosse, 1861. On the Construction of Specula of Six-Feet Aperture; and a Selection from the Observations of Nebulae Made with Them. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 151, pp. 681-745 [ADS: 1861RSPT..151..681R]
• Lawrence Parsons, the Fourth Earl of Rosse, 1880. Observations of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars made with the 6-foot and 3-foot Reflectors at Birr Castle from 1848 to 1878. Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Vol. 2, Dublin 1880. [ADS: 1880STRDS...2....1]. The observations of William and Lawrence Parsons with their great reflectors.
• George Rümker, 1865a. Beobachtungen von Circumpolar-Nebeln auf der Hamburger Sternwarte. AN Vol. 63, No. 1508, col. 305-318 [ADS: 1865AN.....63..305R]
• George Rümker, 1865b. Beobb. von Circumpolar Nebeln auf der Hamburger Sternwarte. AN Vol. 64, No. 1531, col. 289-298 [ADS: 1865AN.....64..289R],
• George Rümker, 1866a. Beobachtungen von Circumpolar-Nebeln auf der Hamburger Sternwarte. AN Vol. 66, No. 1566, col. 81-92 [ADS: 1866AN.....66...81R]
• George Rümker, 1866b. Beobachtungen von Circumpolar-Nebeln auf der Hamburger Sternwarte. Fortsetzung von No 1566. AN Vol. 67, No. 1599, col. 225-238 [ADS: 1866AN.....67..225R]
• George Rümker, 1866c. Beobachtungen von Circumpolar-Nebeln auf der Hamburger Sternwarte. Schluss von No. 1599. AN Vol. 68, No. 1631, col. 353-364 [ADS: 1867AN.....68..353R]

• Julius Schmidt, 1868. Mittlere Oerter von 110 Nebeln für 1865. AN Vol. 70, No. 1678, col. 343-352 [ADS: 1868AN.....70..343S]
• Julius Schmidt, 1876. Ueber einige im Cap-Cataloge fehlende Nebel. AN Vol. 88, No. 2097, col. 137-140 [ADS: 1876AN.....88..137S]
• Herman Schultz, 1875. A Preliminary Catalogue of Nebulae observed at Upsala. MNRAS Vol. 35, pp. 135-152 (January 1875) [ADS: 1875MNRAS..35..135S]
• A. Schwassmann, 1902. Die Anwendung des parallaktischen Messaparates auf Platten mit grossem Gesichtsfeld, erläutert durch eine Vermessung von 301 Nebelflecken in der Virgo (Königstuhl-Nebelliste No. 2). Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. I, pp. 89-105 [ADS: 1902PAIKH...1...17S].
• Secchi, 1866. AN Vol. 66, No. 1571, col. 159/160 [ADS: 1866AN.....66..161S]
• SIMBAD, 2002. The 3C and 3CR Catalogues (Edge+ 1959-1962). Simbad VizieR On-line Catalog: VIII/1A (3C) [ADS: 2002yCat.8001....0E]
• Roger W. Sinnott (ed.), 1988. NGC 2000.0. NGC 2000.0, The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters by J. L. E. Dreyer. Sky Publishing Corporation and Cambridge University Press. [ADS: 1988cngc.book.....S]. Electronic version: SIMBAD/ADC catalog VII/118 [ADS: 1997yCat.7118....0S]
• Rudolf Spitaler, 1890. Beobachtungen von Cometen und Nebeln. AN, Vol. 125, No. 2993, col. 281-286. [ADS: 1890AN....125..281S] IC 54, 192, 1197, 1257.
• Rudolf Spitaler, 1892. Über den Nobel NGC 163 AN Vol 130, No. 3100 [ADS: 1892AN....130...57S] IC 1 (=NGC 153).
• Rudolf Spitaler, 1893. Beobachtungen von Nebelflecken. AN, Vol. 132, No. 3167/3168, col. 369-394, plate with 7 drawings [ADS: 1893AN....132..369S]. Lists many NGC objects and 62 objects as new ("Nova" 1..62), which were included in IC I. Includes IC 771.
• Wolfgang Steinicke. revngc, revic. The Revised NGC and IC Catalogs. Published on line at the Revised NGC and IC webpages.
• Wolfgang Steinicke, 2009. Nebel und Sternhaufen. Geschichte ihrer Entdeckung, Beobachtung und Katalogisierung - von Herschel bis zu Dreyers "New General Catalogue." Books on Demand, Norderstedt (Germany), 2009. English translation (enhanced with some updates): Observing an Cataloguing Nebulae and Star Clusters - from Herschel to Dreyer's New General Catalogue. Cambridge University Press, 2010. [ADS: 2010ocns.book.....S]
• Ormond Stone, 1886. List of nebulas observed at the Leander McCormick Observatory and supposed to be new. Astronomical Journal, Vol. 7, No. 146, pp. 9-14 (Nob 1886) [ADS: 1886AJ......7....9S]. No. 1-273.
• Ormond Stone, 1887. Second list of nebulas observed at the Leander McCormick Observatory, and supposed to be new. Astronomical Journal, Vol. 7, No. 152, pp. 57-61 (Feb 1887) [ADS: 1887AJ......7...57S] No. 274-476.
• Stratonoff, 1896. Nouvelles nébuleuses dans les Pléiades. AN Vol 141, No. 3366, col 103/104 [ADS: 1896AN....141..103S]. IC 1990.
• J. W. Sulentic and W. G. Tifft, 1973. RNGC. The Revised New General Catalogue of Nonstellar Astronomical Objects. Tucson, The University of Arizona Press. [ADS: 1973rncn.book.....S]. Electronic version: SIMBAD/ADC catalog VII/1B [ADS: 1999yCat.7001....0S]

• Todd, 1886. Telescopic search for the trans-Neptunian planet. AN Vol. 113, No. 2698. [ADS: 1885AN....113..153T]
• Etienne Leopold Trouvelot, 1882. The Trouvelot Astronomical Drawings Manual. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1882. xii+167 pp. [Bibcode: 1882TTADMbook.....T]. P. 151, description of the nebula around M16.

• Thomas William Webb, 1881. Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes. Fourth edition, revised and greatly enlarged. Longmans, Green, and Co., London. [ADS: 1881coct.book.....W] Mentiones IC 4756 (identified by Wolfgang Steinicke). It is described on p 392 [Serpens section], and included in later editions. Prior editions don't have this object description, i.e. the original of 1859 [ADS: 1859cect.book.....W], where its place would have been on p. 234, and the third edition of 1873 [Bibcode: 1873coct.book.....W], where it would have appeared on p. 291/292. The editions of this book are available online as follows: 1859, 1873, 1881.
• Thomas William Webb, 1879. Observations book. NGC 7027.
• Edmund Weiss [Johann Palisa], 1883. Planeten-und Cometenbeobachtungen auf der neuen Wiener Sternwarte. AN Vol. 105, No. 2520, col. 379-386 (here col. 379-380) [ADS: 1883AN....105..369W]. NGC 4587.
• Edmund Weiss [Johann Palisa], 1886. Beobachtungen von Planeten und Cometen. AN Vol. 114, No. 2732, col. 337-356 (here col. 347-348) [ADS: 1886AN....114..337W]. NGC 927, 2146 (disc Winnecke), 3094.
• Edmund Weiss [Johann Palisa], 1887. Beobachtungen von Planeten, Cometen und Nebelflecken. AN Vol. 116, No. 2782, col. 337-354 (here col. 349-350) [ADS: 1887AN....116..337W]. NGC 2819 (disc Marth 160), 2926, 2944, 2981 (Oppenheim), 3071, 3116, 3976 (=H 2.132).
• Edmund Weiss [Rudolf Spitaler], 1889. Beobachtungen auf der Wiener Sternwarte. AN, Vol. 123, No. 2932, col. 49-66 (here col. 59-60) [ADS: 1889AN....123...49W]. IC 498.
• Edmund Weiss [Rudolf Spitaler], 1890. Planeten- und Cometen-Beobachtungen im Jahre 1889. AN, Vol 125, No. 2992, col. 257-270 (here col. 265-266). [ADS: 1890AN....125..257W]. IC 558.
• Edmund Weiss [Johann Palisa], 1894. AN Vol. 135, No. 3235, col. 337-342 (here col. 341-342) [ADS: 1894AN....135..337W] IC 1514.
• Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke, 1857. Notiz über Nebelflecke, von Herrn Dr. Winnecke. AN Vol. 45, No. 1972, col. 247/248-249/250 [ADS: 1857AN.....45..247W]. NGCs 3222, 6704.
• Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke, 1869. Doppelsternmessungen. Von Herrn Dr. A. Winnecke. AN Vol. 73, No. 1738, col. 147/148-159/160; here col. 156 [ADS: 1869AN.....73..145W]. Includes 7 new double stars, labelled Nova, Winnecke (WNC) 1-7, notably Winnecke 4 (WNC 4) = M40. This Winnecke Catalog is available online.
• Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke, 1880. Über die periodische Veränderlichkeit in der Helligkeit des Nebelflecks h 882 = HI, 20, nebst einigen Bemerkungen über andere Nebelflecke. AN Vol. 96, No. 2293, col. 201/202-205/206 [ADS: 1880AN.....96..201W]. NGCs 1360, 1398, 2300.
• Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke, 1909. Beobachtung von Nebelflecken. Annalen der Kaiserlichen Universitäts-Sternwarte in Strassburg, Vol. 3, pp. 1-118 [Bibcode: 1909AnStr..3....1W]. NGCs 2276, 4760.
• Max Wolf, 1891. Über den grossen Nebel um Zeta Orionis. AN Vol. 127, No. 3027, col. 39/40-41/42 [ADS: 1891AN....127...39W]. IC 448.
• Max Wolf, 1891a. Über grosse Nebelmassen im Sternbilde des Schwans. AN Vol. 127, No. 3048, col. 427/428 [ADS: 1891AN....127..427W]. IC 5067, 5070 (Pelican Nebula, originally discovered by Espin).
• Max Wolf, 1892. Photographische Aufnahmen der Nova Aurigae und einiger neuer ausgedehnter Nebelflecke. AN Vol. 131, No. 3130, col. 157/158-159/160 [ADS: 1892AN....131..157W]. ICs 405 (disc: Schaeberle), 410, 417, 419, 425, 439, 443, 444.
• Max Wolf, 1894. Über einige neue Nebelflecken. AN Vol. 134, No. 3214, col. 365/366-367/368 [ADS: 1894AN....134..365W]. IC 59, 63 (Gamma Cas Nebula); IC 155.
• Max Wolf, 1902a. I. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 1. Verzeichnis von 154 Nebelflecken in Cancer und Lynx. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 1, pp. 11-15 [ADS: 1902PAIKH...1...11W]. Included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1902b. III. Die Nebelflecken am Pol der Milchstrasse. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 1, pp. 125-176 [ADS: 1902PAIKH...1..125W]. Not included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1903. Über eine nebelreiche Gegend in Lynx. AN Vol. 161, No. 3847, col 127/128 [ADS: 1903AN....161R.127W] IC 2233 (discoverer: Roberts).
• Max Wolf, 1903a. Über eine Eigenschaft der großen Nebel. AN Vol. 161, No. 3848, col. 129/130-131/132 [ADS: 1903AN....161..129W]. IC 4683.
• Max Wolf, 1904a. IV. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 4 Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleich von 272 Nebelflecken bei 17 Comae. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 2, pp. 57-64 (April 1904) [ADS: 1903PAIKH...2...57W]. Included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1904b. V. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 5 Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleich von 239 Nebelflecken bei 12 Canum. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 2, pp. 77-84 (November 1904) [ADS: 1903PAIKH...2...77W]. Included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1904c. A Remarkable Nebula in Cygnus connected with Starless Regions. MNRAS Vol. 64, pp. 838-840 + Pl. 17 (June 1904) [ADS: 1904MNRAS..64..838W]. IC 5146 (Cocoon Nebula).
• Max Wolf, 1905a. VI. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 6. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleich von 204 Nebelflecken bei 35 Comae. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 2, pp. 89-95 (July 1905) [ADS: 1903PAIKH...2...89W]. Included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1905b. Ein schöner Spiralnebel. AN Vol. 168, No. 4013, col. 75/76 [ADS: 1905AN....168...75W]. IC 4358.
• Max Wolf, 1905c. The Great Nebula of Psi Eridani. MNRAS Vol. 65, No. 5, pp. 528-529 + Pl. 15 (March 1905) [ADS: 1905MNRAS..65..528W] IC 2118 (Witch Head Nebula).
• Max Wolf, 1906a. Ausgedehnte Nebelflecken. AN Vol. 171, No. 4082, col. [ADS: 1906AN....171...27W]. IC 1831, 2088, 2177.
• Max Wolf, 1906b. Extended Nebula near 26 Ceti. MNRAS Vol. 67, No. 1, p. 91 (November 1906) [Bibcode: 1906MNRAS..67...91W, ADS: 1906MNRAS..67...91.] IC 1613.
• Max Wolf, 1907a. VII. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 7. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleich von 310 Nebelflecken bei Iota Leonis. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 3, pp. 77-85 (April 1907) [ADS: 1907PAIKH...3...77W]. Included into IC II.
• Max Wolf, 1907b. Ein Nebelfleckhaufen und Nebelreichtum in Sagittarius. AN Vol. 176, No. 4207. [ADS: 1907AN....176..109W] IC 4895 (= NGC 6822, discoverer Barnard).
• Max Wolf, 1908. VIII. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 8. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 770 Nebelflecken bei +33d.2174 Ursae. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 3, pp. 87-108 [ADS: 1908PAIKH...3...87W]. Mod. (Too late to be included in IC II).
• Max Wolf, 1909. IX. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 9. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 402 Nebelflecken bei 43 Comae. Publikationen des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Koenigstuhl-Heidelberg, Vol. 3, pp. 149-160 [ADS: 1909PAIKH...3..149W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1909a. Über einen größeren Nebelfleck im Cetus. AN, Vol. 183, No. 4380, col. 187/188 [ADS: 1909AN....183..187W]. Mod. WLM galaxy.
• Max Wolf, 1913a. X. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 10. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 62 Nebelflecken bei Epsilon Piscium. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 6, pp. 1-3 [ADS: 1913VeHei...6....1W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1913b. XI. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 11. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 94 Nebelflecken bei Alpha Ceti. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 6, pp. 5-8 [ADS: 1913VeHei...6....5W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1913c. XII. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 12. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 279 Nebelflecken bei Chi Ursae. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 6, pp. 9-18 [ADS: 1913VeHei...6....9W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1913d. XIII. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 13. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 114 Nebelflecken bei 86 Pegasi. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 6, pp. 85-89 [ADS: 1913VeHei...6...85W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1913e. XIV. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 14. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 517 Nebelflecken bei M33 Trianguli. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 6, pp. 115-130 [ADS: 1913VeHei...6..115W]. Mod.
• Max Wolf, 1916. XV. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 15. Mittlere Örter, Beschreibung und Helligkeitsvergleichung von 189 Nebelflecken bei 21 Leonis Minoris. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 7, pp. 169-174 [ADS: 1916VeHei...7..169W]
• Max Wolf, 1920. Variabilis oder Nova 7.1920 Aquila. AN Vol. 121, No. , col [ADS: 1920AN....211..119W]. Mod. PN Abell 58, discovered as Nova Aql No. 4 or Nova Aql 1919 (V605 Aql).
• Max Wolf, 1927. Über einen Nebelfleck in Gemini. AN Vol. 231, No. 5532, col. 229/230-231/232 [ADS: 1927AN....231..229W]. Mod. Medusa Nebula (Abell 21).
• Max Wolf, 1932. XVI. Königstuhl-Nebel-Liste 16. 700 Nebelflecken beim galaktischen Pol. Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, Vol. 8, pp. 113-131 [ADS: 1932ViHei...8..113W]. Mod.

• Note Wolfgang Steinicke's NGC Reference Table and his Historic NGC
• Dreyer's NGC, IC I and IC II Introduction (presented by the NGC/IC Project) list the sources in full original detail. Also note their Historical Record.